【IT168技术文档】
做一个简单的C#在线IDE主要解决两个问题:
一是如何将网页上文本框的代码编译并执行;
二是如何将程序运行结果在网页上输出.
第一个问题不难, dotNET已经有现成的C#编译类CSharpCodeProvider(或是其它语言的),再使用CompilerParameters类做为编译参数,就可以很容易的实现.
第二个问题, 举最简单情况, 就是将Console.Write方法输出的内容在网页上显示出来.这其实也很好办,只要在编译之前, 在输出语句做一个替换, 将输出的内容存到另一个地方.等运行结束后, 再从那个地方取出来就是了.
代码实现如下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace VSOnline.Framework
{
///
/// 自定义的输出类
///
public class Consoler
{
//存储所有输出
public static Dictionary Outputs { get; set; }
static Consoler()
{
Outputs = new Dictionary();
}
#region 输出操作
//当前输出
public List Output { get; private set; }
public Consoler()
{
Output = new List();
}
public void Write(object str)
{
Output.Add(str.ToString());
}
public void WriteLine(object str)
{
Output.Add(str.ToString() + "n");
}
#endregion
}
}
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using Microsoft.CSharp;
using System.CodeDom.Compiler;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
namespace VSOnline.Framework
{
///
/// 代码执行类
///
public class CodeRun
{
///
/// Framework版本,可选择v2.0, v3.0, v3.5
///
private string CompilerVersion { get; set; }
///
/// 构造函数
///
/// Framework版本,可选择v2.0, v3.0, v3.5
public CodeRun(string compilerVersion)
{
CompilerVersion = compilerVersion;
}
///
/// 构造函数,默认为3.5版本
///
public CodeRun()
{
CompilerVersion = "v3.5";
}
///
/// 动态编译并执行代码
///
/// 代码
/// 返回输出内容
public List Run(string code, string id, params string[] assemblies)
{
Consoler.Outputs.Add(id, new Consoler());
CompilerParameters compilerParams = new CompilerParameters();
//编译器选项设置
compilerParams.CompilerOptions = "/target:library /optimize";
//compilerParams.CompilerOptions += @" /lib:""C:Program FilesReference AssembliesMicrosoftFrameworkv3.5""";
//编译时在内存输出
compilerParams.GenerateInMemory = true;
//生成调试信息
compilerParams.IncludeDebugInformation = false;
//添加相关的引用
foreach (string assembly in assemblies)
{
compilerParams.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(assembly);
}
compilerParams.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("mscorlib.dll");
compilerParams.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll");
if (this.CompilerVersion == "v3.5")
{
compilerParams.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Core.dll");
}
string path = "";
try
{
path = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("/bin/");
}
catch { }
compilerParams.ReferencedAssemblies.Add(path + "VSOnline.Framework.dll");
CSharpCodeProvider compiler = new CSharpCodeProvider(new Dictionary() { { "CompilerVersion", CompilerVersion } });
//编译
code = code.Replace("Console.WriteLine", string.Format("VSOnline.Framework.Consoler.Outputs["{0}"].WriteLine", id));
code = code.Replace("Console.Write", string.Format("VSOnline.Framework.Consoler.Outputs["{0}"].Write", id));
CompilerResults results = compiler.CompileAssemblyFromSource(compilerParams, code);
//错误
if (results.Errors.HasErrors)
{
foreach (CompilerError error in results.Errors)
{
Consoler.Outputs[id].Output.Add(error.ErrorText + "n");
}
return ReturnOutput(id);
}
//创建程序集
Assembly asm = results.CompiledAssembly;
//获取编译后的类型
object mainClass = asm.CreateInstance("Program");
Type mainClassType = mainClass.GetType();
//输出结果
mainClassType.GetMethod("Main").Invoke(mainClass, null);
return ReturnOutput(id);
}
private List ReturnOutput(string id)
{
string[] output = new string[Consoler.Outputs[id].Output.Count];
Consoler.Outputs[id].Output.CopyTo(output, 0);
Consoler.Outputs.Remove(id);
return output.ToList();
}
}
}
测试代码:
using VSOnline.Framework;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System;
using FastDev.Core;
using System.Linq;
namespace Test
{
[TestClass()]
public class CodeRunTest
{
[TestMethod()]
public void RunTest()
{
CodeRun target = new CodeRun();
//注意：以下是一个多行的 string
string code = @"
using System;
public class Program
{
public static void Main()
{
for(int index = 1;index <= 3;index++)
{
Console.Write(index);
}
}
} "; // 多行 string结束
List expected = new List() { "1", "2", "3" };
List actual;
actual = target.Run(code, "1");
Assert.AreEqual(true, expected.SerializeEqual(actual));
actual = target.Run(code, "2");
Assert.AreEqual(true, expected.SerializeEqual(actual));
}
[TestMethod()]
public void Run35Test()
{
CodeRun target = new CodeRun();
string code = @"
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
public class Program
{
public static string Name { get; set; }
public static void Main()
{
Name = ""3"";
Console.Write(Name);
}
} ";
List actual;
actual = target.Run(code, "1", "System.Core.dll");
Assert.AreEqual("3", actual[0]);
}
}
}